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Digital camera, English full name: Digital Still Camera (DSC), abbreviation: Digital Camera (DC), is the abbreviation of digital camera, also known as: digital camera. A digital camera is a camera that uses electronic sensors to convert optical images into electronic data.
According to the use, it is divided into: SLR camera, mirrorless camera, card camera, telephoto camera and home camera, etc. Digital cameras are different from ordinary cameras in that they record images by chemical changes of silver bromide on film. The sensor of digital cameras is a light-sensing charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS). Images are usually stored on a digital storage device (usually using flash memory; floppy disks and compact disc-rewritable (CD-RW) are rarely used in digital camera devices) before being transferred to a computer. A digital camera is a product that integrates optics, mechanics and electronics. It integrates the conversion, storage and transmission of image information, and has the characteristics of digital access mode, interactive processing with computer and real-time shooting. The light enters the camera through the lens or lens group, and is converted into a digital signal through the imaging element of the digital camera, and the digital signal is stored in the storage device through the image computing chip. The imaging element of the digital camera is CCD or CMOS, and the imaging element is characterized in that when the light passes through, it can be converted into electronic signals according to the difference of the light. The digital camera first appeared in the United States. More than 20 years ago, the United States used it to transmit photos to the ground through satellites. Later, digital photography was turned to civilian use and its application range was continuously expanded. The history of digital cameras can be traced back to the 1940s and 1950s, when Bing Crosby's laboratory invented the video recorder (VTR) in 1951, a new machine that could record electrical pulses from television broadcasts to tape. By 1956, VCRs were mass-produced. It is seen as produced by electronic imaging technology.
In the 1960s, NASA had to survey the lunar surface before astronauts were sent to the moon. However, engineers found that the analog signal sent back by the detector was mixed in with other rays in the universe and appeared so weak that the receiver on the ground could not convert the signal into a clear image. So the engineers had to find another way. After that, digital imaging technology developed faster, mainly due to the technological competition during the Cold War. These technologies are also mainly used in the military field, and most satellites use digital imaging technology. As early as the 1960s, the research and development of "CCD chips" began. In 1969, George Smith and Willard Boyle of Bell Labs combined videophone and semiconductor bubble storage technology to design a digital camera along the semiconductor surface. Charge "Bubble" Devices, which conduct electric charge, were the first to invent the prototype of CCD devices.
At that time, the purpose of CCD was to improve storage technology, and the element itself was also used as a pure memory. It was subsequently realized that CCDs could take advantage of the photoelectric effect to capture and store images.